Natural Home Remedies

Acidophilus	Acidophilus reduces the chance of getting traveler's diarrhea, the result of changes in intestinal flora. It is also useful for anyone who takes antibiotics, especially the broad-spectrum ones like tetracycline and ampicillin, which wreak havoc on intestinal flora, and it's useful for women who have frequent vaginal yeast infections. The dose is one tablespoon of the liquid culture or one to two capsules after meals unless the label directs otherwise. To treat yeast infection, you can also place the liquid culture directly in the vagina in addition to taking it by mouth. Always check the expiration date on acidophilus products. You want to be sure the bacteria in them are alive and in good condition.
Alfalfa	Alfalfa, barley grass, and wheat grass are green plants that some people believe to be full of nutritional blessings. They all are a good source of chlorophyll which has some antibacterial effects, but in general there is no evidence to support most of the claims made for these products. Barley grass and wheat grass are the young shoots of sprouted grains. Alfalfa is a legume, usually grown to feed animals. Alfalfa contains a substance that causes symptoms similar to lupus.
Aloe	Aloe, or Aloe vera, is a succulent plant from Africa widely grown as an ornamental in warm regions. Many people have discovered the healing properties of the clear gel that fills the thick leaves of this plant. It is a superior home remedy for burns, so useful that you ought to keep a potted aloe plant in your kitchen to have available in case of an accident. There are many species of aloes, and many whose leaves are big enough to provide gel, but Aloe vera, the "true" aloe, has the best effect. You can buy the plants at most nurseries. They are easy to grow and will multiply for you as long as they have light and good drainage. To use the fresh plant, cut off a lower leaf near the central stalk, cut off any spines along the edge, split the leaf lengthwise, score the gel with the point of your knife, and apply it directly to the burn. It will soon soak into the skin and provide immediate, soothing relief. Use it on sunburn, thermal burns, and any areas of skin irritation or inflammation. You can also buy aloe products in drugstores and health-food stores. Its moisturizing properties make it a desirable ingredient of skin lotions and creams, but be warned that some cosmetics that boast of their aloe content have too little of it to do your skin much good. Read labels to determine the percentage of aloe gel in the formula. Aloe vera juice, sold in all health-food stores, is intended for internal use. The main use is to help heal ulcers and other irritations of the gastrointestinal tract. In high doses, aloe is an irritant laxative, so if you want it to soothe the lining of your GI tract, you must stay below the laxative dose. A reasonable amount to try is one teaspoon after meals. You can use the fresh gel, mashed up in a little fruit juice, or any commercial product that is pure. A lot of bottled aloe juice tastes nasty; shop around for a brand that is palatable.
Amino acids	Amino acids are the building blocks of protein molecules, relatively simple natural substances that are the first breakdown products of the digestion of proteins. There is no need to take mixtures of amino acids as nutritional supplements, no matter what fitness instructors, bodybuilders, and athletes tell you. If you eat adequate protein, you will have all the amino acids you need and probably more. Single amino acids are another matter. There are some single amino acids that have been used to treat various health problems. These include L-tryptophan, L-arginine, L-lysine, among others. Take single amino acids for treatment of particular conditions. Take them only on an empty stomach and stop using them if you do not notice any beneficial effects after a reasonable trial, say two to four weeks.
Angostura bitters	European herbalists are very fond of "bitters" to stimulate and tone the digestive system, and they rate gentian as the best of them all. Several brands of alcoholic extracts of gentian root are available here, most with other plant ingredients added for flavor. For example, Angostura Bitters, a popular ingredient of cocktails which you can buy in most liquor stores and supermarkets, is essentially a tincture of gentian root and has good medicinal properties. For sluggish digestion, poor appetite, or flatulence, try taking a teaspoon of Angostura Bitters before or after meals (experiment to see which works best for you). If you do not like it straight, try diluting it with sparkling water to make a (relatively) nonalcoholic "mocktail." Gentian root is quite harmless and quite effective.
Antacids	Antacids are medications that are usually used to treat indigestion or reflux. They may work by neutralizing stomach acid or preventing the production of stomach acid. Indigestion is clear sign that you are offending your stomach either by eating too much, eating too often, eating the wrong foods, consuming irritating substances and drugs, or letting anxiety and stress interfere with digestion. Consuming antacids is not the solution. Changes in your diet, lifestyle and stress management are much better long-term solutions than antacids.
Arnica	Arnica comes from several species of the daisy-like genus Arnica, native to high mountains of western North America. Tincture of arnica is an external remedy for bruises, sprains, and sore muscles and joints. It is made by crushing whole plants and soaking them in alcohol. Both the plant and tincture have a characteristic, pleasant smell. You can buy tincture of arnica in herb stores and some drugstores.
Aspirin	Aspirin is the most common over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication. Regular aspirin use has been linked to reduced risk of colon cancer, probably because it reduced overall inflammation. In addition to its anti-inflammatory action, it has an effect on blood clotting. For that reason, aspirin therapy is being recommended for heart disease and to prevent strokes caused by blood clots.
Astragalus membranaceus	Astragalus membranaceus is a Chinese herbal remedy that comes from the root of a plant in the pea family. This plant is a relative of our locoweed, which is toxic to livestock. The Chinese species is nontoxic, the source of a very popular medicine called huang qi that you can buy in any drugstore in China for use against colds, flus, and other respiratory infections. Recent studies in the West confirm its antiviral and immune-boosting effects.
Barley grass	Barley grass, wheat grass, and alfalfa are green plants that some people believe to be full of nutritional blessings. They all are a good source of chlorophyll which has some antibacterial effects, but in general there is no evidence to support most of the claims made for these products. Barley grass and wheat grass are the young shoots of sprouted grains. Alfalfa is a legume, usually grown to feed animals. Alfalfa contains a substance that causes symptoms similar to lupus.
Bee venom	Honeybee venom contains a number of powerful anti-inflammatory compounds that may help induce remission in autoimmune diseases. One of them, apamin, is under investigation in France as a possible new treatment for MS. Purified bee venom is available for injection, but many apitherapists prefer to apply living bees to the body. In experienced hands the procedure is quite safe. The best way to find out about this therapy is to consult a local bee-keeper.
Benzoyl peroxide	Benzoyl peroxide is used in many skin products for acne. This is an excellent cleansing agent and the active ingredient of many lotions and creams, both over-the-counter and prescription varieties. Do not use any skin products containing oils or dyes.
Bioflavonoids	Bioflavonoids are a large family of substances found in food. They enhance health in many ways. One bioflavonoid is quercetin, derived from buckwheat and citrus fruits. It is often used to treat allergies. Quercetin appears to stabilize the membranes of cells that release histamine, one mediator of allergic reactions. Its action is preventive rather than symptomatic. The best way to use quercetin is to start taking it a week or two before the expected onset of the pollen season, continuing till the end. Other bioflavonoids include rutin and hesperidin. Citrus bioflavonoid complexes are often ingredients of dietary supplements.
Biotin	Biotin is one of the B vitamins. It helps to maintain healthy hair and nails, in addition to having vital metabolic functions. The RDA for biotin is 300 micrograms.
Bitters	European herbalists are very fond of "bitters" to stimulate and tone the digestive system, and they rate gentian as the best of them all. Several brands of alcoholic extracts of gentian root are available here, most with other plant ingredients added for flavor. For example, Angostura Bitters, a popular ingredient of cocktails which you can buy in most liquor stores and supermarkets, is essentially a tincture of gentian root and has good medicinal properties. For sluggish digestion, poor appetite, or flatulence, try taking a teaspoon of Angostura Bitters before or after meals (experiment to see which works best for you). If you do not like it straight, try diluting it with sparkling water to make a (relatively) nonalcoholic "mocktail." Gentian root is quite harmless and quite effective.
Blackberry root (Rubus macropetalus)	Blackberry root bark (Rubus macropetalus) is a good herbal remedy for diarrhea. It contains tannins, which have a desirable astringent action on the intestinal lining. Boil the root bark in water for twenty minutes, strain, and drink a cup every two to four hours till the diarrhea ends. You may be able to find tinctures of this useful plant in herb stores, or you can make your own if you live in an area where blackberries grow. Take a teaspoon of tincture in water every two to four hours.
Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)	Blueberry-leaf tea is a mild, safe regulator of blood sugar if taken over a long period of time. Drink one cup in the morning and one in the evening for at least three months. You can find blueberry-leaf tea in health-food stores, sometimes along with more concentrated tinctures and extracts.
Blue cohosh (Caulophyllum)	If painful periods are a problem, take blue cohosh herb (Caulophyllum thalictroides), two capsules twice a day for a month. If this seems to help, continue the treatment for another month, then cut the dose in half and gradually reduce it to nothing.
Bone meal	Bone meal and dolomite are occasionally sold as calcium supplements. They have been shown to be contaminated with lead and other toxic heavy metals. For this reason, they are not recommended.
Borage oil (GLA)	Borage oil, evening primrose oil, and black currant oil are natural sources of a fatty acid called GLA (gammalinolenic acid). Very hard to come by in the diet, GLA is an effective anti-inflammatory agent with none of the side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs. It also promotes healthy growth of skin, hair, and nails. They are frequently suggested for skin conditions (including brittle nails and hair), arthritis, autoimmune disorders, and premenstrual syndrome. Do not expect immediate results; it takes six to eight weeks to see changes after adding GLA to the diet. These three products vary in the amount of GLA they supply and in cost.
Brewer's yeast	Yeast, in powder or flake form, has long been a popular supplement. Brewer's yeast, a by-product of beer making, tastes bitter and is not as rich in some nutrients as nutritional yeast, which is grown specifically for human consumption. Nutritional yeast is a good source of the B-complex vitamins, trace minerals, and some protein (which you do not need). It is not expensive. A heaping tablespoon of yeast will color your urine yellow (owing to its content of riboflavin) and may have enough vitamin B-3 to give you a niacin flush. If you like the taste of nutritional yeast, try sprinkling it on popcorn instead of butter, as an alternative to taking a B-complex pill. Smoked torula yeast is even tastier as a seasoning, but it is not as good a source of vitamins and minerals and probably contains some carcinogenic compounds.
Bromelain (pineapple enzyme)	A very effective treatment for severe bruises and hematomas is the pineapple enzyme bromelain, available in capsules at health-food stores. This enzyme is absorbed from the GI tract and is able to promote healing of tissue injuries. The dose is 200 to 400 milligrams three times a day, taken on an empty stomach (at least ninety minutes before or three hours after eating). Occasionally individuals may develop an allergic rash from bromelain; discontinue it if you develop any itching.
Calcium	Calcium helps regulate nerve and muscle function and is the major mineral component of bones. It is necessary to build strong bones and is important for building a strong skeleton, maintaining normal blood pressure and preventing cancers of the digestive tract. The main sources of calcium in the American diet are dairy products, but there are other foods rich in calcium - greens like collards, mustard, kale, and bok choy, canned salmon and sardines, tofu that has been coagulated with a calcium compound, calcium fortified soy milk and fruit juice, blackstrap molasses, and broccoli. Calcium supplements may also be used to get the 1000 to 1500 mg a day that is recommended. Calcium citrate is the best form of this mineral because it more easily absorbed than other forms. Do not use bone meal or dolomite as calcium sources because they may be contaminated with lead and other toxic heavy metals.
Calendula (pot marigold)	A good herbal treatment for the skin is calendula, commonly known as pot marigold. (It is not a true marigold.) Calendula is a popular ornamental plant that you can buy for your garden at most nurseries in the spring. Its bright orange flowers can be made into tinctures, lotions, and creams. Try washing your skin with tea made from the flowers, or buy ready-to-use calendula skin products at health-food stores.
Carotene(s)	Carotenes are naturally occurring compounds that give many vegetables and fruits their color. Beta-carotene is the best known and a precursor of vitamin A. Other carotenes include alpha and gamma-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and astaxanthin. Some carotenes act as antioxidants and many are being linked to protection from cancer. Eat generous amounts of colorful vegetables and fruit, as well as a supplement of mixed carotenes. If you take a supplement that contains carotenes, make sure it has 15,000 IU of mixed carotenes.
Chamomile	Chamomile, one of the mainstays of European folk medicine, is the dried flowers of a low-growing plant of the daisy family. The entire plant has a pleasant, apple-like smell. (The name chamomile comes from Greek words meaning "ground apple.") When brewed into tea, chamomile flowers release this same aroma and flavor along with a slightly bitter taste. Chamomile tea is an excellent home remedy for upset stomachs. It relieves heartburn, indigestion, and colic and is completely harmless. In addition, it has mild relaxant and sedative properties. You can give it to infants and young children with good results, as well as to old people. Most people find the taste of the tea agreeable. You can buy extracts of chamomile in herb stores, and ordinary tea bags of it are now available in most supermarkets. As long as they have a strong fragrance, they are fine to use. Brew the tea in a covered container to prevent loss of the volatile constituents in steam. Let the flowers steep in the hot water for ten minutes before pouring.
Chlorella	Spirulina and chlorella are two varieties of freshwater algae - primitive plants that are cultivated for nutritional use, dried and sold as dark green powders or tablets. They are very expensive and heavily promoted as miracle supplements. They are good sources of chlorophyll, but there is little to no research supporting the claims made about the algae.
Chromium	Chromium is a trace mineral that may help stabilize blood sugar. The two forms available are "GTF chromium" and chromium picolinate. The RDA for chromium is 70 micrograms, but higher doses are often recommended. An often recommended dose is 200 micrograms.
Coenzyme Q 10	Coenzyme Q 10 also called CoQ10, is a natural substance, present in most foods, that acts as an antioxidant and helps with cellular metabolism. Coenzyme Q may improve the utilization of oxygen at the cellular level, and patients with congestive heart failure, coronary insufficiency or diabetes may find it worth trying in doses of 30-100 milligrams a day.
Comfrey	Comfrey in the form of a poultice for external application is a remarkably effective treatment for wounds that do not heal, such as decubitus ulcers (bedsores), diabetic ulcers, the bites of brown recluse spiders, and the terrible staph infections that affect people living on tropical beaches. All of these conditions can produce large, open lesions that resist the strongest pharmaceutical treatments. Use the root of the plant, which you can buy dried in bulk from many herb suppliers. Grind it to a powder in a blender, and mix the amount you need with water or even better, with aloe vera gel to make a paste. Gently pack it into the wound and cover with a bandage. Change the poultice once a day, washing out the wound with water and with hydrogen peroxide if any infection is present.
Copper	Copper is a trace element. Zinc supplements can deplete copper stores. for that reason, many nutritionists suggest always taking supplemental copper when you take supplemental zinc in a ratio of 10 to 1 (zinc to copper).
Cranberry juice	Cranberries are a rich source of vitamin C and contain a substance that helps prevent urinary tract infections. The substance makes it difficult for bacteria to adhere to the wall of the bladder. Women who have frequent urinary tract infections should drink cranberry juice often. Although cranberry juice cocktail is widely available, try unsweetened cranberry juice concentrate (available at natural food stores) diluted with water or sparkling water.
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)	Cyanocobalamin is the technical term for vitamin B-12. Vitamin B12 is only found in foods of animal origin so strict vegetarians may be deficient. The bacteria that grows in the intestinal tract, however, may be a source of vitamin B12 and the reason why most vegans are not clinically deficient.
DGL (deglycyrrhizinated licorice)	Deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL) is used to soothe and protect the lining of the stomach and duodenum. Whole licorice contains a substance (glycyrrhizin) that can raise blood pressure that is removed from DGL. Chewable tablets. You can stay on this remedy as long as symptoms are present.
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)	DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) is a long chain omega-3 fatty acid that is produced from EPA. It is one of the constituents of fish oil. It is the omega-3 fatty acid that is found in brain and nerve tissue. Recent research suggests that infant formula should be fortified with DHA. Supplements may have a beneficial effect on some behavioral and neurological problems, but more research needs to be done. Because of their effect on blood clotting, you should exercise care when taking fish oil and any anticoagulant drugs, aspirin, or ginkgo, which all affect blood clotting.
Dolomite	Dolomite and bone meal are occasionally sold as calcium supplements. They have been shown to be contaminated with lead and other toxic heavy metals. For this reason, they are not recommended.
Echinacea	Echinacea, obtained from the roots of several species of that genus, is a natural antibiotic and immune-system enhancer from the Native American herbal tradition. Echinacea is familiar to gardeners as purple cone flower, an ornamental plant. It grows wild throughout the plains of North America and is now extensively cultivated as a medicinal. Practitioners of natural medicine in Europe and America have long valued it. In recent years research, done mostly in Germany, has confirmed its antiviral, antibacterial, and immunity-enhancing properties. You can buy tinctures, capsules, tablets, and extracts of echinacea in all health food and herb stores. The root produces a curious and distinctive numbing sensation when held in the mouth for a few minutes. If a commercial preparation does not do this, it is not good. Always test echinacea products by putting a bit on the tongue; return any that fail to cause numbness. Try echinacea as a first line of treatment for common infections before resorting to conventional antibiotics. Use it for colds, flu, sore throats, and episodes of low resistance. A dropperful of tincture in water four times a day or two capsules of freeze-dried extract four times a day is the dose for adults; give children under 10 half those amounts. To build immunity in the absence of infection, halve the adult dose and stay on the remedy for two weeks at a time. Echinacea loses its efficacy when taken continually; it is better to take it for two weeks at a time, alternating with two weeks off.
Eleutherococcus	Eleutherococcus (Siberian ginseng) is the root of Eleutherococcus senticosus, a plant in the ginseng family that is different from true ginseng (Panax). Other names for it are spiny ginseng, eleuthero ginseng, and eleuthero. Many people in Russia, including athletes and cosmonauts, use it to increase endurance and resistance to stress, and Russian researchers have shown that it does have these properties. They call it an "adaptogen," a substance that promotes adaptation to environmental stress of all kinds. In the past such a substance was called a tonic, something that tones or stretches the system, making it more resilient, better able to bend under pressure rather than break. Traditional Chinese medicine places great value on tonic plants because it believes in strengthening natural defenses. In the West scientists pay little attention to that strategy and none at all to tonic plants. Unlike true ginseng, eleutherococcus is not a stimulant or sexual enhancer. But like ginseng, eleuthero must be taken regularly over a period of weeks or months in order to have an effect. It may be useful for people who are run down, weak, lacking in energy and resistance, or suffering from chronic illness. Siberian ginseng products are readily available in herb and health-food stores. They vary in concentration and potency, so follow the dosage recommendations of the manufacturer.
Enzymes	Enzymes are specialized protein molecules that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical reactions. They are involved in all aspects of metabolism, growth, and development. Digestive enzymes are responsible for the digestion or breaking down of food. Supplementing with digestive enzymes may be helpful in people with digestive problems. There are many confusing mixtures of digestive enzymes. Consult with a health care provider to determine which type of enzyme preparation, if any, is best for you.
Escin	Escin is the name of a product containing horsechestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) used to treat spider veins and varicose veins. An inherited weakness in the structure of veins, much more common in women than in men, predisposes a person to varicosities when veins are subjected to increased pressure over time. The best preventive measures are avoidance of prolonged standing, frequent elevation of legs when seated, and conscientious use of elastic support stockings if standing is necessary. Conventional medical and surgical treatments are very invasive and often not successful. Horsechestnut is a promising alternative, primary used as a topical application. It is sometimes sold under the name escin. This herbal remedy is much better known in Europe than in America, but creams containing it are becoming available here. (European doctors also prescribe escin internally, but because of potential toxicity only topical use is recommended.)
Evening primrose oil	Evening primrose oil, black currant oil, and borage oil are natural sources of a fatty acid called GLA (gamma linolenic acid). Very hard to come by in the diet, GLA is an effective anti-inflammatory agent with none of the side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs. It also promotes healthy growth of skin, hair, and nails. They are frequently suggested for skin conditions (including brittle nails and hair), arthritis, autoimmune disorders, and premenstrual syndrome. Do not expect immediate results; it takes six to eight weeks to see changes after adding GLA to the diet. These three products vary in the amount of GLA they supply and in cost.
Fennel seeds	A number of herbs, called carminatives, help expel gas from the intestinal tract. One of the most effective and easiest to get is fennel seed, which you can buy in the spice section of any supermarket. Try chewing a half-teaspoon of fennel seeds at the end of a meal or any time you feel distended from gas.
Fiber	Fiber refers to the parts of plant foods that humans cannot digest. It is generally classified into insoluble and soluble fiber. The American diet is generally very low in fiber because we have focused on refined grain products and eat very few vegetables and fruit. Insufficient fiber in the diet can contribute to constipation. Soluble fiber has been linked to lowering cholesterol levels. Good sources of fiber include bran cereals, beans, vegetables, fruit and whole grains. Flax seed and psyllium seed are excellent sources of fiber. Fiber supplements are available but food sources are generally recommended more often.
Fish oil	Fish oil is a rich source of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), omega-3 fatty acids. Fish oils seems to protect against heart attack, stroke, cancer and inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. It is involved in protection against disease in several ways. The most important include "thinning" the blood and preventing blood clots, and being converted into less inflammatory prostaglandins and reducing inflammation. Oily fleshed, cold water fish like salmon and sardines are the best sources of fish oil, although fish oil capsules are available and may be used if higher amounts are needed for specific conditions. If you use fish oil capsules, choose a product that is free from heavy metals and toxins that may also contaminate fish.
Folic acid	Folic acid is a B vitamin. It is involved in very important cellular reactions. A frank deficiency of folic acid can cause macrocytic anemia. Inadequate intake is related to birth defects, premature births, cervical dysplasia, and many different cancers including cervical and breast. Inadequate folic acid also causes the buildup of an amino acid in the blood called homocysteine. High levels of homocysteine are related to heart disease, stroke, cancer, osteoporosis and memory loss and depression in older adults. High homocysteine is treated with supplemental folic acid. Because of the link with birth defects, folic acid supplements are being recommended routinely to women of childbearing age. The richest sources of folate (the name for the family of folic acids found in food) are green vegetables, orange juice and beans. The RDA for folic acid is 400 mcg.
Garlic	Garlic is a powerful natural medicine in addition to being a strong-flavored seasoning for food. It has abilities to lower cholesterol and reduce clotting of the blood. It can also help lower high blood pressure. In addition raw garlic is a potent antibiotic, especially active against fungal infections, with antibacterial and antiviral effects as well. An effective home remedy for colds is to eat several cloves of raw garlic at the first onset of symptoms. Eating raw garlic does not appeal to everyone, but garlic loses its antibiotic properties when you cook or dry it, and commercial garlic capsules do not preserve the full activity of the fresh bulb. You can make raw garlic more palatable by chopping it fine, mixing it with food, and eating it with a meal. Or cut a clove into chunks and swallow them whole like pills. If it gives you flatulence, eat less. Chewing some fresh parsley after eating garlic also minimizes the odor. A good home remedy for the early stage of ear infections in children is to put a few drops of warm garlic oil in the ear canal, then plug the ear loosely with a piece of cotton. To make the garlic oil, crush a few cloves of garlic into some olive oil, let it sit a few days at room temperature, and strain it. Keep the oil in a container in the refrigerator and warm a bit for use as needed. Do not use garlic oil prepared this way for food preparation or cooking. Some people even suggest putting a small clove or piece of a clove of raw garlic directly into the ear, keeping it in with a plug of cotton. It will eventually dissolve. One or two cloves of garlic a day are recommended for people who suffer from chronic or recurrent infections, frequent yeast infections, or low resistance to infection.
Gentian	Gentian, from various species of Gentiana, is a bitter root and an excellent digestive remedy. European herbalists are very fond of "bitters" to stimulate and tone the digestive system, and they rate gentian as the best of them all. Several brands of alcoholic extracts of gentian root are available here, most with other plant ingredients added for flavor. For example, Angostura Bitters, a popular ingredient of cocktails which you can buy in most liquor stores and supermarkets, is essentially a tincture of gentian root and has good medicinal properties. For sluggish digestion, poor appetite, or flatulence, try taking a teaspoon of Angostura Bitters before or after meals (experiment to see which works best for you). If you do not like it straight, try diluting it with sparkling water to make a (relatively) nonalcoholic "mocktail." Gentian root is quite harmless and quite effective.
Ginger	Ginger, the familiar spice, has a number of remarkable properties that recommend it for home use. It is a good treatment for nausea and motion sickness as well as a natural anti-inflammatory that is worth trying in all cases of arthritis, bursitis, and other musculoskeletal ailments. It tones the cardiovascular system and reduces platelet aggregation, as aspirin does. You can make a tea of fresh ginger by using about one half teaspoon of the grated root to eight ounces of boiling water. Cover and steep for 10 to 15 minutes, then strain, and add honey to taste if desired. You can also eat candied ginger or buy honey-based ginger syrups. Health-food stores sell powdered extracts of ginger in capsules as well as alcohol extracts; both forms are convenient to use. One to two grams of powdered ginger a day is an average dose, but some people report successful treatment of inflammatory conditions with higher doses taken over several months. High doses may cause a burning sensation in the stomach; to minimize this, take ginger with food.
GLA (gamma-linolenic acid)	Gamma linolenic acid or GLA is the main component of evening primrose oil, black currant oil, and borage oil. GLA is an omega-6 fatty acid that is hard to come by in the diet. It is an effective anti-inflammatory agent with none of the side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs. It also promotes healthy growth of skin, hair, and nails. I prescribe it frequently for skin conditions (including brittle nails and hair), arthritis, autoimmune disorders, and premenstrual syndrome. Do not expect immediate results it takes six to eight weeks to see changes after adding GLA to the diet. These three products vary in the amount of GLA they supply and in cost.
Gurmar (Gymnema sylvestre)	Gurmar (Gymnema sylvestre) is a plant used in Ayurvedic medicine to lower blood sugar levels. Extracts of it are now available in health food stores in this country. It is safe and effective and worth experimenting with.
Homeopathic remedies	Homeopathic remedies are harmless dilutions of minerals, plant extracts, and other natural substances prepared according to the principles of homeopathic medicine. These remedies are supposed to stimulate healing reactions by working on the body's energy field. Homeopathy is a controversial form of alternative medicine whose theories conflict with those of regular medicine, but many people find that it works for them. The art of homeopathic practice has to do with selecting just the right remedy in the right dilution out of the many thousands available.
Horsechestnut (Aesculus)	Horsechestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) is used to treat spider veins and varicose veins. An inherited weakness in the structure of veins, much more common in women than in men, predisposes a person to varicosities when veins are subjected to increased pressure over time. The best preventive measures are avoidance of prolonged standing, frequent elevation of legs when seated, and conscientious use of elastic support stockings if standing is necessary. Conventional medical and surgical treatments are very invasive and often not successful. Horsechestnut is a promising alternative, primary used as a topical application. It is sometimes sold under the name escin. This herbal remedy is much better known in Europe than in America, but creams containing it are becoming available here. (European doctors also prescribe escin internally, but because of potential toxicity only topical use is recommended.)
Horseradish	Freshly prepared horseradish, hot mustard, and wasabi (Japanese horseradish) all help liquefy bronchial secretions. Eat as much as you can tolerate.
Indian tobacco (Lobelia inflata)	Indian tobacco (lobelia inflata) is an herbal treatment for asthma. Mix three parts tincture of lobelia with one part tincture of capsicum (red pepper, cayenne pepper). Take twenty drops of the mixture in water at the start of an asthmatic attack. Repeat every thirty minutes for a total of three or four doses.
L-lysine	L-lysine reduces the frequency of attacks of oral herpes (cold sores, fever blisters) in some people. Take 500-1,000 milligrams a day on an empty stomach. It is more effective if you minimize consumption of seeds, nuts, peas, and chocolate.
Lobelia	Lobelia (Lobelia inflata) or Indian tobacco is a remedy for an asthma attack. Mix three parts tincture of lobelia with one part tincture of capsicum (red pepper, cayenne pepper). Take twenty drops of the mixture in water at the start of an asthmatic attack. Repeat every thirty minutes for a total of three or four doses.
Mineral oil	Mineral oil is sometimes used as a laxative or as a component of laxatives. It is not recommended because it can interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and other nutrients.
Mint	Peppermint is a wonderful digestive remedy, especially useful for the upper GI tract, for relief of heartburn, indigestion, nausea, and the like. You can buy pure peppermint leaf tea in most supermarkets. Brew it in a covered container to avoid loss of volatile components, and drink as much of it as you like, hot or iced. This herb is also soothing to the lower GI tract. Enteric-coated capsules of peppermint oil have been used for irritable bowel syndrome. Enteric coating resists attack by stomach acid, so the capsules pass into the intestines intact and release their contents there. As with garlic, our familiarity with peppermint makes us less likely to take it seriously as a medicine, but in fact it is one of the most powerful and effective remedies for gastrointestinal complaints. It is also nontoxic.
Mormon tea	Plants containing ephedra are sometimes used in the treatment of acute asthma attacks. American ephedra or Mormon tea, though, has too little ephedra to be of value.
Mullein	Mullein is a common roadside weed (Verbascum thapsus) that produces large downy leaves and, in its second year of growth, a tall flowering spike. Indians and early settlers often smoked the leaves as a tobacco substitute and used them medicinally to treat respiratory ailments. Tincture of mullein relieves chest congestion and dry, bronchial coughs. Take a dropperful in a little warm water every four hours. This plant has no toxicity. When you shop for mullein tincture you may also find mullein oil offered for sale. This is made by steeping the flowers in olive oil and is intended as a treatment for ear infections, much like garlic oil. Warm it slightly, instill a few drops in the ear, and plug loosely with cotton. You can add garlic for extra effectiveness.
Nasal douching	Nasal douching is an effective home remedy for nasal irritation and congestion of hay fever. A warm saline solution is used to rinse pollen grains off nasal tissues and soothe irritated mucous membranes.
Nightshade family	The Nightshade family of plants includes tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant, and peppers, including chile. Traditional wisdom has said that nightshades can increase the symptoms of arthritis. Although, there is no recent research substantiating this, some people with arthritis declare they feel much better when they avoid these foods.
Nitrites, nitrates, nitrosamines	Cured and processed meats have been treated with nitrite preservatives that may form carcinogenic compounds in the stomach called nitrosamines. Vitamin C can block their formation and may generally protect against cancer-inducing substances in the diet.
Omega-3 fatty acids	Omega-3 fatty acids refer to a group of polyunsaturated fatty acids found in certain foods. Alpha-linolenic acid is considered an essential fatty acid (EFA) for humans because the body cannot make it from other fatty acids. It is 18 carbons long and found in plant foods, specifically flax seeds, walnuts, hemp seeds, and certain greens like purslane. Ground flax seed is the best source of this fatty acid. EPA and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) are long chain omega-3 fatty acids, 20 and 22 carbons long, respectively. They are found in animal foods (fish and wild game) as well as in some algaes. They are the primary constituents of fish oils that seem to protect against heart attack, stroke, cancer and inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. EPA is involved in protection against disease in several ways. The most important include "thinning" the blood and preventing blood clots, and being converted into less inflammatory prostaglandins and reducing inflammation. Oily fleshed, cold water fish like salmon and sardines are the best sources of EPA, although fish oil capsules are available and may be used if higher amounts of EPA are needed for specific conditions. If you use fish oil capsules, choose a product that is free from heavy metals and toxins that may also contaminate fish.
Psyllium seed	Psyllium seeds come from a species of plantain (Plantago psyllium) and are an excellent source of insoluble (as well as soluble) fiber. They are the basis of many safe commercial laxatives. You can buy powdered psyllium seed husks at health-food stores without the sweeteners, dyes, and flavors that are added to drugstore products. The only caution about this wonderful remedy for constipation is that it must be used with plenty of water; otherwise the fiber will form an obstructing mass that may add to your problems. Start with one rounded tablespoon of the powder stirred well into a glass of water or diluted juice. Drink it down and follow with another full glass of water. Do this once a day for as long as you need to.
Pyridoxine	Pyridoxine (vitamin B-6) has a number of interesting effects in addition to its actions as a vitamin. High doses (100 milligrams two or three times a day) help relieve nerve compression injuries (like carpal tunnel syndrome), premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and some cases of depression and arthritis. It is often used to treat high homocysteine levels along with folic acid and vitamin B12. It is the only water-soluble vitamin that can be toxic. High doses over time may result in numbness and tingling in the extremeties that may eventually be irreversible. Don't take more than 200 mg a day and take that dose only with caution.
Raspberry-leaf tea	Raspberry leaf tea can be used for painful menstrual cramps.
Sage (in steam inhalation)	Sage, along with eucalyptus, can be used with steam inhalation to relieve bronchitis. Warm steam soothes the irritated lining of the bronchial tubes, loosens secretions, promotes healing, and, with aromatic herbs, discourages secondary bacterial growth. Use steam as often as possible while you are awake.
Saunas	Steam baths or saunas, while refreshing, may help the body eliminate toxins and take some of the load off the liver. Take them frequently, being careful to drink plenty of pure water when you do.
Selenium	Selenium is a trace mineral which functions as a cofactor for an important antioxidant exzyme system in the body called glutathione peroxidase. It has been shown in one large study to reduce the risk of secondary cancers in a group of individuals with a previous diagnosis of skin cancer. The dose used in the study was 200 mcg/day. It is important to use an organic form of the mineral like selenomethionine rather other forms. Brazil nuts are very rich in selenium; one provides about 200 mcg.
Spearmint tea	Spearmint tea is mildly relaxing. You can drink as much of it as you want.
Spirulina	Spirulina and chlorella are two varieties of freshwater algae -- primitive plants that are cultivated for nutritional use, dried and sold as dark green powders or tablets. They are very expensive and heavily promoted as miracle supplements. They are good sources of chlorophyll, but there is little or no research supporting the claims made about the algae.
Tea tree oil	Tea tree oil, a recent Australian import, is extracted from the leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia, a native tree of New South Wales. Aborigines chewed the leaves for colds and drank a tea of them for general sickness. The oil is a powerful disinfectant and most useful herbal remedy. It is a clear liquid, strongly aromatic, with an odor similar to that of eucalyptus. Tea tree oil is a good treatment for fungal infections of the skin (athlete's foot, ringworm, jock itch). It will also clear up fungal infections of the toenails or fingernails, a condition notoriously resistant to treatment, even by strong systemic antibiotics. You just paint the oil on affected areas two or three times a day. Tea tree oil is nontoxic. Apply it full strength to boils and other localized infections. A ten percent solution (about one and a half tablespoons to a cup of warm water) can be used to rinse and clean infected wounds with good results. The same solution makes an effective vaginal douche for treatment of both yeast and Trichomonas infections, but some women may find it irritating. Tea tree oil is available in most health-food and herb stores. Make sure that the label says it is pure.
Wasabi (Japanese horseradish)	Wasabi is Japanese horseradish, often served as a paste with sushi. It helps liquefy bronchial secretions.
Wheat grass	Wheat grass, alfalfa, and barley grass are green plants that some people believe to be full of nutritional blessings. They all are a good source of chlorophyll which has some antibacterial effects, but in general there is no evidence to support most of the claims made for these products. Barley grass and wheat grass are the young shoots of sprouted grains. Alfalfa is a legume, usually grown to feed animals. Alfalfa contains a substance that causes symptoms similar to lupus.
Yeast	Yeast, in powder or flake form, has long been a popular supplement. Brewer's yeast, a by-product of beer-making, tastes bitter and is not as rich in some nutrients as nutritional yeast, which is grown specifically for human consumption. Nutritional yeast is a good source of the B-complex vitamins, trace minerals, and some protein (which you do not need). It is not expensive. A heaping tablespoon of yeast will color your urine yellow (owing to its content of riboflavin) and may have enough vitamin B-3 to give you a niacin flush. If you like the taste of nutritional yeast, try sprinkling it on popcorn instead of butter, as an alternative to taking a B-complex pill. Smoked torula yeast is even tastier as a seasoning, but it is not as good a source of vitamins and minerals and probably contains some carcinogenic compounds.